Discuss the various Work Measurement Techniques used in the Organization.

Some of the work measurement techniques used in organizations are:

Subjects Judgement:

This involves the subjective judgement of the management and varies from one organization to another as it is very relative in nature.

Record of Past Performance:

This method takes into consideration the past performance of the employees and therefore is not accurate.

Scientific Methods:

Time Study: According to ILO (1974), Time-study is a work measurement technique for recording the times and rates of working for the elements of a specified job carried out under specified conditions, and for analyzing the data so as to obtain the time necessary to carrying out the job at a defined level of performance.

Pdetermined Motion Time Systems: This is a work measurement technique whereby time established for basic human motions are compiled to build up the time for a job as a whole at a defined level of performance. This method has been applied for a long period of time for:

• Developing methods in advance of imitating production.
• Bringing about a change in existing methods.
• Establishing standard data.
• Estimating.
• Guiding product design.
• Developing effective tool designs.
• Putting in place time standards etc.

But the drawback of this system is: it is very expensive for non-repetitive jobs and requires highly trained-staff.

Activity Sampling: This is a method in which a large number of instantaneous observations are made over a period of time of a group of facilities, machines and processes of workers. This system tries to:

• Determine the various reasons for the given degree of labor and equipment utilization and the effect of each cause.
• Get a measured evaluation of a machine’s wages and assist in making decisions regarding the replacement or buying of additional machinery etc.

Analytical Estimating: This technique is based towards increased reliance on judgement. The key features of this technique are:

• The employing of experienced skilled persons in the concerned job as estimator.
• Giving them enough training so that they recognize standard performance rates of working.
• Making a detailed study of the initial marked study.
• Conveniently dividing the job into various elements and arriving time for each element on standard performance.

Synthesis: This technique is aimed at building up the time for a job at a defined level of performance by totaling element times obtained earlier from time studies from other jobs containing the elements concerned.